3 terms
App notarization is Apple's automated malware and signing check for Mac software distributed outside the App Store, which Gatekeeper requires before launch.
FileVault is the full-disk encryption feature of macOS that protects the startup volume with XTS-AES and requires a password or recovery key.
Gatekeeper is the macOS security feature that checks downloaded apps for a valid developer signature and Apple notarization before they first open.