CI, or continuous integration, is the DevOps practice of merging code changes often and verifying each one with an automated build and…
The CIA triad is the core security model in cybersecurity, defining protection goals as confidentiality, integrity and availability of information.
CIDR, or Classless Inter-Domain Routing, describes IP address blocks with variable-length prefixes such as /24 and lets routers aggregate routes efficiently.
A cinema camera is a professional video camera built for film production, recording high-quality RAW or log images with modular, interchangeable hardware.
A class in object-oriented programming is a named blueprint that defines the state and behavior shared by every object created from it.
Clean architecture is a software architecture style that keeps business rules independent of frameworks, databases and interfaces via inward dependencies.
Client-side rendering builds a web application's HTML in the browser with JavaScript, after the server delivers a minimal page shell and code.
A clipping path is a closed vector outline that defines which part of an image or artwork stays visible, hiding everything outside…
Clock speed is the frequency, measured in gigahertz, at which a processor's clock signal advances its circuits through instruction cycles.
A close-up in cinematography is a shot that frames a subject tightly, usually a face from the shoulders up, to reveal emotion…
Closed captions are a text version of a video's dialogue and meaningful sounds that viewers can switch on or off, a core…
A closure is a function bundled with the variables of the scope where it was defined, so it can use them even…
Cloud gaming runs video games on remote data center servers and streams the rendered video to the player, who sends controller input…
A cloud load balancer is a managed networking service that distributes client traffic across healthy backend targets inside a cloud network.
Cloud NAT is a managed network address translation service that lets private cloud resources reach the internet without accepting inbound connections.
CloudPanel is a free, Nginx-based server control panel for managing PHP, Node.js, Python and static websites on a single Linux server or…
CLS, or Cumulative Layout Shift, is the Core Web Vital that measures how much visible page content moves unexpectedly while a user…
A clustered index stores table rows physically ordered by the index key, so the index leaf level holds the data itself and…
CLV in performance marketing is customer lifetime value: the net profit a customer is expected to generate over the whole relationship with…
CMOS is the image sensor technology in most digital cameras, converting light to charge and reading it out through transistors and converters…
A CMP (consent management platform) collects, stores and enforces visitor choices about cookies and tracking so that data processing follows recorded consent.
A CNAME is a DNS record that makes one domain name an alias of another, so resolvers follow it to the canonical…
Code quality describes how readable, maintainable, reliable and secure source code is, measured through metrics, reviews and automated analysis.
Code signing attaches a cryptographic signature to software so users and systems can verify who published it and that it was not…
Cohort analysis groups users by a shared starting event, such as signup month, and tracks how each group behaves over time to…
A cold start is the extra delay a serverless function incurs when the platform must create and initialize a new execution environment…
Cold storage in cloud storage is a low-cost tier for rarely accessed data, trading cheaper capacity for retrieval fees, minimum durations and…
A collaborative robot is a robot arm designed to share a workspace with people safely, using limited force, speed and built-in sensing…
A color cast is an unwanted tint that shifts the colors of a whole photograph toward one hue, usually caused by light…
A color checker is a reference chart of precisely measured color and gray patches used to set white balance and build accurate…
Color correction in video post-production fixes exposure, white balance and contrast so shots look natural, consistent and technically within delivery limits.
Color gamut in photography is the range of colors a color space, display or printer can reproduce, which limits how saturated images…
Color harmony in color theory is the pleasing, purposeful combination of colors based on their hue relationships, lightness, saturation and proportion.
Color temperature in photography describes how warm or cool a light source appears, measured in kelvin along the black-body curve.
A column grid divides a page or screen into vertical columns separated by gutters, giving layouts consistent widths, alignment and rhythm.
Column-level encryption protects selected database columns, such as identity or card numbers, by storing them as ciphertext under separately managed keys.
Command Prompt (cmd.exe) is the classic text-based command interpreter of Windows, used for batch files, diagnostics and quick system tasks.
A commit is the operation that ends a database transaction and makes all of its changes permanent and visible to other sessions…
Compatibility mode is an operating system feature that makes a newer OS imitate an older version so legacy applications run without being…
Competitor analysis in market research is the structured study of rival firms' offers, strategies and strengths to inform positioning and decisions.
Complementary colors are hue pairs opposite each other on a color wheel, producing maximum hue contrast and neutralizing each other when mixed.
A component library is a shared, versioned collection of reusable interface components that design and development teams use to build consistent products.
A composite index is a database index built on two or more columns in a fixed order, speeding queries that filter or…
Compositing is the process of combining images from separate sources into one seamless frame, a core technique of motion graphics and visual…
A compositor combines the separately rendered contents of every window into the final desktop image, adding effects, tear-free output and scaling.
Compression artifacts are visible distortions such as blocking, ringing and banding that lossy video codecs introduce when they discard image information.
A compressor in audio mixing automatically turns down signal peaks above a set threshold, reducing dynamic range to keep sources controlled and…
A computer mouse is a hand-operated pointing device that turns hand movement into cursor motion and adds buttons and a wheel for…
Concurrency in programming is structuring a program as tasks that make progress in overlapping time periods, sharing resources safely through coordination.
A condenser microphone converts sound into an electrical signal through a vibrating capacitor plate, giving detailed, sensitive audio recordings.